/* Dr. Asrat Atsedeweyn — professional profile website
   Modern, responsive HTML/CSS; no frameworks required. */
:root {
  --navy:#101c2a; --navy-2:#172738; --navy-3:#22364a;
  --ink:#202a31; --muted:#69737a; --cream:#f8f6f0;
  --paper:#fffefa; --sand:#eeeae1; --line:#e2e1da;
  --gold:#dcb773; --gold-2:#b78a48; --white:#fff;
  --serif:'Playfair Display',Georgia,serif;
  --sans:'DM Sans',Arial,sans-serif;
  --display:'Manrope',Arial,sans-serif;
  --content:1220px; --header-height:86px;
}
*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:calc(var(--header-height) + 16px)}
body{margin:0;background:var(--cream);font-family:var(--sans);color:var(--ink);font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
body.menu-open{overflow:hidden}
::selection{background:var(--gold);color:var(--navy)}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
a:hover{text-decoration:none}
button{font:inherit}
img{max-width:100%;display:block}
h1,h2,h3,h4,p{margin-top:0}
h1,h2,h3{line-height:1.16}
p{margin-bottom:1em}
.container{width:min(var(--content),calc(100% - 92px));margin-inline:auto}
.section{padding:120px 0}
:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #d49f51;outline-offset:4px}
.skip-link{position:fixed;top:-100px;left:18px;background:#fff;color:#101c2a;padding:12px 18px;z-index:1500;border-radius:5px}
.skip-link:focus{top:15px}
.reading-progress{height:3px;position:fixed;inset:0 auto auto 0;width:100%;z-index:1100;background:var(--gold);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left}
/* NAV */
.site-header{height:var(--header-height);position:fixed;z-index:1000;top:0;left:0;right:0;color:#fff;background:rgba(16,28,42,.88);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);backdrop-filter:blur(18px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(18px);transition:box-shadow .25s,background .25s}
.site-header.is-scrolled{background:rgba(16,28,42,.97);box-shadow:0 10px 35px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
.header-inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px;height:100%}
.brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:13px;white-space:nowrap}
.brand-mark{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:39px;line-height:1;color:#fff;font-style:italic;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.10em}
.gold-dot{color:var(--gold)}
.brand-text{font:700 11px/1.35 var(--display);letter-spacing:.19em;max-width:110px;color:#dddde1}
.brand-text b{display:block;color:#fff}
.site-nav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:31px}
.site-nav a{font:600 12px/1 var(--display);letter-spacing:.035em;color:#dfdfdf;transition:color .2s;position:relative}
.site-nav a:not(.nav-contact)::after{content:'';position:absolute;bottom:-10px;left:0;width:100%;height:1px;background:var(--gold);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left;transition:transform .2s}
.site-nav a:hover,.site-nav a.active{color:var(--gold)}
.site-nav a:hover:not(.nav-contact)::after,.site-nav a.active:not(.nav-contact)::after{transform:scaleX(1)}
.site-nav .nav-contact{background:var(--gold);color:#111e29;padding:16px 22px;border-radius:2px;margin-left:5px;white-space:nowrap}
.site-nav .nav-contact:hover{background:#ecd097;color:#111e29}
.nav-contact span{margin-left:10px}
.menu-toggle{display:none;background:none;border:0;padding:12px;cursor:pointer;z-index:30}
.menu-toggle span{display:block;width:25px;height:2px;margin:5px 0;background:#fff;transition:transform .2s,opacity .2s}
/* HERO */
.hero{position:relative;overflow:hidden;color:#fff;background:linear-gradient(118deg,#101d2b,#1d2d40 90%);min-height:800px;padding-top:var(--header-height)}
.hero::before{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;opacity:.20;background-image:radial-gradient(circle at 10px 10px,rgba(255,255,255,.22) 1px,transparent 1.5px);background-size:32px 32px;mask-image:linear-gradient(to right,#000,transparent 60%);pointer-events:none}
.hero-ambient{position:absolute;pointer-events:none;border:1px solid rgba(235,199,143,.11);border-radius:50%}
.hero-ambient-one{width:650px;height:650px;left:-260px;bottom:-320px}
.hero-ambient-two{width:920px;height:920px;left:-390px;bottom:-455px}
.hero-grid{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.03fr .97fr;align-items:center;gap:62px;min-height:686px;padding-block:92px 50px}
.hero-copy{position:relative;z-index:2}
.eyebrow{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;letter-spacing:.19em;font:700 10px/1.5 var(--display);color:var(--gold)}
.eyebrow-line{width:25px;height:1px;background:var(--gold)}
.eyebrow-separator{opacity:.5}
.hero-overline{color:#d0d5dd;font:500 15px var(--sans);margin-top:58px;letter-spacing:.02em}
.hero h1{font:500 clamp(57px,5.5vw,90px)/1.06 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.055em;margin:7px 0 24px}
.hero h1 em{font-weight:500;color:var(--gold)}
.hero-position{font:600 clamp(17px,1.7vw,22px)/1.48 var(--display);margin-bottom:22px;color:#f2f3f6}
.hero-description{font:400 16px/1.85 var(--sans);max-width:510px;color:#c2cad3;margin-bottom:34px}
.hero-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:29px}
.button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:30px;padding:17px 24px;font:700 12px var(--display);letter-spacing:.01em;border-radius:2px;transition:transform .2s,background .2s,color .2s;white-space:nowrap}
.button:hover{transform:translateY(-3px)}
.button-gold{background:var(--gold);color:#15212c}
.button-gold:hover{background:#eac88e}
.text-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font:700 12px/1.5 var(--display);border-bottom:1px solid currentColor;padding-bottom:5px;transition:gap .2s}
.text-link:hover{gap:17px}
.light-link{color:#f0f2f4}
.dark-link{color:#344655}
.hero-micro{display:flex;gap:13px;align-items:center;color:#a9b4c2;font:600 10px var(--display);letter-spacing:.13em;margin-top:70px}
.micro-emblem{color:var(--gold);font-size:17px}
.micro-divider{height:3px;width:3px;border-radius:50%;background:#8c97a5}
.hero-visual{position:relative;margin-top:10px;height:min(560px,44vw);min-height:450px}
.photo-frame{height:100%;width:100%;max-width:510px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;background:#313c4b;border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 34px 80px rgba(0,0,0,.27)}
.photo-frame img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 34%;transition:transform 1.2s}
.photo-frame:hover img{transform:scale(1.035)}
.photo-tint{inset:0;position:absolute;background:linear-gradient(to top,rgba(14,26,38,.35),transparent 45%);pointer-events:none}
.portrait-corner{position:absolute;width:55px;height:55px;pointer-events:none}
.portrait-corner-tl{border-left:2px solid var(--gold);border-top:2px solid var(--gold);left:-16px;top:-16px}
.portrait-corner-br{border-right:2px solid var(--gold);border-bottom:2px solid var(--gold);right:-16px;bottom:-16px}
.portrait-index{position:absolute;top:18px;right:19px;z-index:2;color:#fff;font:600 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.12em}
.floating-label{position:absolute;z-index:3;left:-60px;bottom:32px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:15px;background:#fff;padding:20px 28px;min-width:280px;color:var(--navy);box-shadow:0 22px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.19)}
.floating-label-icon{font:400 27px var(--sans);color:var(--gold-2)}
.floating-label strong{display:block;font:800 14px var(--display)}
.floating-label span:not(.floating-label-icon){font:500 11px var(--sans);color:#6e7880}
.hero-bottom{position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;height:75px;max-width:var(--content);border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);color:#8493a3;letter-spacing:.17em;font:600 10px var(--display)}
.hero-bottom a{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;font:25px var(--sans);color:var(--gold);border:1px solid rgba(220,183,115,.32);border-radius:50%;width:44px;height:44px;transition:background .2s}
.hero-bottom a:hover{background:rgba(220,183,115,.13)}
.marquee-line{background:#e5dfd3;padding:22px 0;overflow:hidden}
.marquee-inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-around;gap:24px;white-space:nowrap;text-transform:uppercase;font:700 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.1em;color:#50606b}
.marquee-inner i{color:var(--gold-2);font-size:16px;font-style:normal}
/* ABOUT */
.about-section{background:var(--cream)}
.about-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:165px 1fr;gap:65px}
.section-rail{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:24px}
.section-index,.kicker{font:800 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.16em;color:var(--gold-2)}
.rail-divider{height:115px;width:1px;background:#c8c7c0;margin-left:3px}
.rail-side{writing-mode:vertical-rl;font:600 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#90979a}
.kicker{margin-bottom:23px}
.about-main h2,.section-heading h2,.research-intro h2,.contact-heading h2{font:500 clamp(42px,4.3vw,67px)/1.16 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.045em;margin-bottom:45px}
h2 em{font-weight:500;color:var(--gold-2)}
.about-copy-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:60px}
.lead{font:500 clamp(20px,2.05vw,27px)/1.58 var(--serif);color:#2c3942}
.about-support p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.9;color:#5c656d}
.about-support a:not(.text-link){color:#8d6935;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}
.about-support .text-link{margin-top:12px}
.snapshot-section{background:#fff;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:39px 0}
.snapshot-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.5fr repeat(3,1fr);gap:25px;align-items:center}
.snapshot-intro .tiny-label{font:800 10px var(--display);letter-spacing:.17em;color:var(--gold-2)}
.snapshot-intro p{font:500 16px/1.55 var(--serif);margin:9px 0 0;max-width:260px;color:#505c65}
.snapshot-item{border-left:1px solid #e5e1d9;padding-left:30px}
.snapshot-item strong{display:block;font:500 31px var(--serif);color:#273b4b;margin-bottom:4px}
.snapshot-item span{font:500 12px/1.6 var(--sans);color:#66717b}
/* SECTION HEADINGS */
.section-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:45px;margin-bottom:67px}
.section-heading h2{margin-bottom:0}
.section-heading>p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.85;color:#6a747b;max-width:365px;margin:0 0 9px}
/* CAREER */
.career-section{background:#f1f0eb}
.timeline{border-top:1px solid #d6d9d6}
.timeline-item{display:grid;grid-template-columns:200px 35px 1fr;gap:40px;padding:35px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #d6d9d6}
.timeline-year{font:700 18px var(--display);letter-spacing:-.035em;color:#263849;padding-top:5px}
.timeline-year span{font:700 11px var(--display);color:#8d979e;letter-spacing:.07em}
.timeline-rule{display:flex;justify-content:center;position:relative}
.timeline-rule::before{content:'';height:calc(100% + 71px);position:absolute;top:-36px;width:1px;background:#d0d4d3}
.timeline-rule span{position:relative;margin-top:12px;z-index:1;width:11px;height:11px;background:#adb7b9;outline:8px solid #f1f0eb;border-radius:50%}
.timeline-item.is-current .timeline-rule span{background:var(--gold-2)}
.timeline-content{padding-right:30px}
.timeline-content h3{font:600 27px/1.25 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:0 0 5px}
.role-top{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.role-tag{font:800 10px var(--display);letter-spacing:.1em;color:#937044;background:#e9e0cf;padding:7px 12px}
.role-org{font:700 13px var(--display);color:#ad864c;margin:0 0 12px}
.timeline-content p:not(.role-org){font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;color:#65717b;max-width:725px;margin:0}
.timeline-content a{display:inline-block;color:#4d6377;border-bottom:1px solid #4d6377;font:700 12px var(--sans);margin-top:16px}
.timeline-footnote{font:500 12px/1.75 var(--sans);color:#78828b;margin:28px 0 0;max-width:800px}
/* IMPACT */
.impact-section{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.impact-section::before{content:'';position:absolute;width:600px;height:600px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.07);border-radius:50%;right:-240px;top:-270px}
.impact-top{display:flex;align-items:end;justify-content:space-between;gap:45px;margin-bottom:65px;position:relative}
.kicker-light{color:var(--gold)}
.impact-top h2,.perspective-section h2{font:500 clamp(43px,4.5vw,68px)/1.17 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.045em;margin:0}
.impact-top h2 em,.perspective-section h2 em{color:var(--gold)}
.impact-top>p{font:400 14px/1.8 var(--sans);color:#b2c0cc;max-width:315px;margin-bottom:8px}
.impact-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;position:relative}
.impact-card{border:1px solid #39495a;min-height:310px;padding:28px 25px 30px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:rgba(255,255,255,.023);transition:background .25s,transform .25s}
.impact-card:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);background:rgba(255,255,255,.055)}
.impact-number{font:800 11px var(--display);color:#8b9bac;letter-spacing:.08em}
.impact-symbol{height:65px;display:flex;align-items:center;font:32px var(--sans);color:var(--gold)}
.impact-card h3{font:600 19px/1.32 var(--serif);margin:0 0 12px}
.impact-card p{font:400 13px/1.75 var(--sans);color:#adbac8;margin:0 0 22px}
.impact-card-line{width:35px;height:2px;background:var(--gold);margin-top:auto}
.impact-source{font-size:12px;color:#94a7b7;margin-top:25px}
.impact-source a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px;color:#d3b579}
/* RESEARCH */
.research-section{background:#fff}
.research-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:.86fr 1.14fr;gap:90px}
.research-intro{position:relative}
.research-intro h2{margin-bottom:25px}
.research-intro>p:not(.kicker){color:#64717b;font-size:15px;line-height:1.85;max-width:390px}
.research-topics{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin:30px 0 30px}
.research-topics span{font:600 11px var(--display);border:1px solid #e4e2dc;padding:9px 11px;color:#485661}
.button-outline{border:1px solid var(--navy);background:#fff;color:var(--navy)}
.button-outline:hover{background:var(--navy);color:#fff}
.publications{border-top:2px solid #2e4253}
.publications-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:18px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #e2e4e3;gap:20px;font:800 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.09em;color:#5c6b77}
.paper{display:block;padding:27px 4px 23px;border-bottom:1px solid #e2e4e3;transition:padding .2s}
.paper:hover{padding-left:14px}
.paper-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;color:#b28c55;font:800 10px var(--display);letter-spacing:.07em;line-height:1.6}
.paper-top span:last-child{font-size:19px}
.paper h3{font:600 19px/1.45 var(--serif);margin:10px 0;color:#233444}
.paper-note{font:500 12px var(--sans);color:#88949b}
.publication-disclaimer{font:400 11px/1.65 var(--sans);color:#7a858b;padding-top:20px;margin:0}
/* EDUCATION */
.education-section{background:var(--cream)}
.education-heading{margin-bottom:50px}
.degrees-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px}
.degree-card{min-height:280px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;background:#fff;padding:26px 27px 30px;border:1px solid #e5e3dd;position:relative;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s}
.degree-card:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);box-shadow:0 15px 25px rgba(17,35,50,.06)}
.degree-year{font:800 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.12em;color:#9b835a}
.degree-icon{position:absolute;right:25px;top:20px;font:25px var(--sans);color:#c2a777}
.degree-type{font:800 10px var(--display);letter-spacing:.13em;color:#8d9aa1}
.degree-card h3{font:600 24px/1.25 var(--serif);margin:10px 0 7px;color:#273747}
.degree-card p{font:700 13px var(--display);color:#576570;margin:0 0 5px}
.degree-place{font:500 12px var(--sans);color:#8a959a}
.additional-learning{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr;gap:50px;align-items:start;padding-top:45px;margin-top:45px;border-top:1px solid #dcdad3}
.additional-learning h3{font:500 24px var(--serif);color:#334555}
.additional-learning ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}
.additional-learning li{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:25px;border-bottom:1px solid #dfddd6;padding:11px 0;font:500 13px/1.7 var(--sans);color:#667079}
.additional-learning li span{white-space:nowrap;font-weight:700;color:#b28c55}
/* PERSPECTIVE */
.perspective-section{background:#263c4c;color:#fff;padding:90px 0}
.perspective-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.35fr .65fr;gap:95px;align-items:center}
.perspective-side p{font:400 15px/1.9 var(--sans);color:#c4cdd5;margin-bottom:27px}
/* CONTACT / FOOTER */
.contact-section{background:#fff}
.contact-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr .85fr;gap:100px}
.contact-heading h2{margin-bottom:25px}
.contact-heading>p:not(.kicker){font-size:15px;line-height:1.85;color:#697782;max-width:425px}
.contact-location{margin-top:35px;color:#435564;font:700 12px var(--display);letter-spacing:.055em;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px}
.pulse-dot{height:8px;width:8px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--gold-2);box-shadow:0 0 0 5px #f5ead6}
.contact-options{border-top:1px solid #dce0df}
.contact-option{display:grid;grid-template-columns:44px 1fr 24px;gap:20px;align-items:center;padding:25px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #dce0df;transition:padding .2s}
.contact-option:hover{padding-left:10px}
.contact-option-icon{width:44px;height:44px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#e8eae8;color:#364b5c;border-radius:50%;font:800 17px var(--display)}
.contact-option-icon.orcid-mark{background:#edf4dc;color:#689119;font-size:15px}
.contact-option strong{display:block;font:800 14px var(--display);margin-bottom:4px}
.contact-option small{display:block;color:#879096;font:500 11px/1.5 var(--sans)}
.contact-arrow{font:21px var(--sans);color:#b68f52;justify-self:end}
.site-footer{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;padding:48px 0 30px}
.footer-top{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr 1fr;align-items:center;padding-bottom:52px;border-bottom:1px solid #394856}
.footer-brand{font:italic 500 65px var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.1em;line-height:1}
.footer-brand span{color:var(--gold)}
.footer-top p{font:500 23px/1.45 var(--serif);margin:0}
.footer-top p span{color:var(--gold)}
.back-top{justify-self:end;font:800 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.13em;color:#d6e0e6}
.back-top:hover{color:var(--gold)}
.footer-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;padding:24px 0 5px;color:#9faab5;font-size:11px}
.footer-bottom p{margin:0}
.footer-bottom a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px;color:#ebcf9e}
.sources-details{color:#b3bdc5;padding-top:15px;font-size:12px}
.sources-details summary{width:max-content;cursor:pointer;color:#d7c192;list-style:none;padding:5px 0}
.sources-details summary::before{content:'＋';margin-right:12px}
.sources-details[open] summary::before{content:'−'}
.sources-content{padding:18px 0;max-width:800px;line-height:1.8}
.sources-content a{color:#e2c18c;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}
/* PROGRESSIVE REVEALS */
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){[data-reveal].reveal-ready{opacity:0;transform:translateY(18px);transition:opacity .7s ease,transform .7s ease}[data-reveal].reveal-ready.is-visible{opacity:1;transform:none}}
/* RESPONSIVE */
@media(max-width:1100px){
  .container{width:min(var(--content),calc(100% - 64px))}
  .site-nav{gap:17px}
  .site-nav a{font-size:11px}
  .site-nav .nav-contact{padding:14px 17px}
  .hero-grid{gap:35px}
  .hero h1{font-size:clamp(56px,6vw,72px)}
  .floating-label{left:-30px}
  .about-grid{grid-template-columns:105px 1fr;gap:35px}
  .research-grid{gap:45px}
  .contact-grid{gap:50px}
  .impact-card{padding:22px}
}
@media(max-width:850px){
  :root{--header-height:76px}
  .container{width:min(var(--content),calc(100% - 44px))}
  .menu-toggle{display:block}
  .site-nav{display:none;position:absolute;top:var(--header-height);left:0;right:0;background:#101c2a;padding:24px 25px 28px;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:0;box-shadow:0 20px 25px rgba(0,0,0,.25);height:auto;max-height:calc(100vh - var(--header-height));overflow:auto}
  .site-nav.is-open{display:flex}
  .site-nav a{font-size:14px;padding:18px 7px;border-bottom:1px solid #324351}
  .site-nav a:not(.nav-contact)::after{display:none}
  .site-nav .nav-contact{align-self:flex-start;margin:19px 0 0;padding:17px 24px}
  .menu-toggle.is-open span:nth-child(1){transform:translateY(7px) rotate(45deg)}
  .menu-toggle.is-open span:nth-child(2){opacity:0}
  .menu-toggle.is-open span:nth-child(3){transform:translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg)}
  .section{padding:85px 0}
  .hero-grid{min-height:initial;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:25px;padding:95px 0 65px}
  .hero h1{font-size:clamp(42px,6vw,62px)}
  .hero-overline{margin-top:30px}
  .hero-description{font-size:14px}
  .hero-micro{margin-top:38px}
  .hero-visual{height:470px;min-height:0;margin:0}
  .floating-label{left:-20px;min-width:0;width:260px;padding:15px}
  .hero-bottom{height:70px}
  .about-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}
  .section-rail{flex-direction:row;align-items:center}
  .rail-divider{width:60px;height:1px}
  .rail-side{writing-mode:initial}
  .snapshot-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}
  .snapshot-intro{grid-column:1/-1}
  .snapshot-item:first-of-type{border:0;padding-left:0}
  .impact-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}
  .impact-card{min-height:260px}
  .research-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .research-intro h2{margin-bottom:15px}
  .research-topics{margin:20px 0}
  .research-intro>p:not(.kicker){max-width:720px}
  .education-heading{align-items:start}
  .degrees-grid{gap:10px}
  .degree-card{padding:22px 20px}
  .degree-card h3{font-size:20px}
  .perspective-grid{gap:35px}
  .contact-grid{gap:45px}
}
@media(max-width:650px){
  :root{--header-height:70px}
  .container{width:calc(100% - 38px)}
  .section{padding:70px 0}
  .brand-mark{font-size:34px}
  .brand-text{font-size:10px}
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:40px;padding:65px 0 55px}
  .hero h1{font-size:clamp(53px,11vw,76px);margin-bottom:18px}
  .hero-overline{margin-top:30px}
  .hero-description{max-width:450px}
  .hero-micro{margin-top:38px;font-size:9px;flex-wrap:wrap}
  .hero-visual{height:min(92vw,510px);width:calc(100% - 23px);margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
  .photo-frame{max-width:none}
  .floating-label{left:-22px;bottom:25px}
  .portrait-corner-br{right:-13px}
  .hero-bottom span{font-size:9px}
  .marquee-line{padding:16px 0}
  .marquee-inner{gap:15px;justify-content:flex-start;overflow:hidden;font-size:9px}
  .marquee-inner span{flex:0 0 auto}
  .about-main h2,.section-heading h2,.research-intro h2,.contact-heading h2,.impact-top h2,.perspective-section h2{font-size:clamp(39px,8vw,53px)}
  .about-main h2{margin-bottom:25px}
  .about-copy-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:15px}
  .lead{font-size:23px}
  .snapshot-grid{gap:18px}
  .snapshot-item{padding-left:14px}
  .snapshot-item strong{font-size:23px}
  .snapshot-item span{font-size:10px}
  .section-heading,.impact-top{flex-direction:column;align-items:start;gap:18px;margin-bottom:40px}
  .section-heading>p,.impact-top>p{max-width:600px}
  .timeline-item{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px;padding:28px 0}
  .timeline-year{font-size:15px}
  .timeline-rule{display:none}
  .timeline-content{padding-right:0}
  .timeline-content h3{font-size:24px}
  .impact-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .impact-card{min-height:0;padding:22px}
  .impact-symbol{height:49px}
  .impact-card h3{font-size:22px}
  .degrees-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .degree-card{min-height:215px}
  .additional-learning{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:4px;padding-top:30px;margin-top:30px}
  .additional-learning h3{font-size:22px}
  .additional-learning li{font-size:12px}
  .perspective-section{padding:70px 0}
  .perspective-grid,.contact-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}
  .contact-options{margin-top:20px}
  .contact-option{gap:12px}
  .footer-top{grid-template-columns:auto 1fr;gap:25px;padding-bottom:25px}
  .footer-top p{font-size:21px}
  .back-top{grid-column:1/-1;justify-self:start}
  .footer-bottom{flex-direction:column;gap:12px}
}
@media(max-width:380px){.hero-actions{gap:17px}.hero-visual{height:360px}.floating-label{width:230px}.hero h1{font-size:47px}.eyebrow{font-size:8px;gap:8px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,*::before,*::after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}
@media print{.site-header,.hero-bottom,.marquee-line,.reading-progress,.back-top,.sources-details,.hero-ambient{display:none!important}.hero{min-height:0;padding-top:0;color:#000;background:#fff}.hero-grid{padding:20px 0;min-height:0}.hero-description,.hero-position,.hero-micro{color:#333}.hero h1{color:#111}.photo-frame{max-height:350px}.section{padding:30px 0}.container{width:94%}.impact-section,.perspective-section{background:#fff;color:#000}.impact-top>p,.impact-card p,.perspective-side p{color:#333}.impact-card{border:1px solid #bbb}.footer-bottom{color:#222}}


/* ================= MULTI-PAGE 2026 REBUILD ================= */
.site-nav .active:not(.nav-contact){color:var(--gold)}
.site-nav .nav-contact.active{background:#edcc93;color:#142130}
.site-nav .nav-contact:hover{color:var(--navy)}
.hero-overline{margin-top:43px}
.hero-grid{padding-block:80px 46px}
.hero{min-height:730px}
.hero-micro{margin-top:52px}
.hero-visual{height:min(530px,43vw)}
.pathways-section{background:#fff}
.pathways-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px}
.pathway-card{min-height:360px;padding:32px;background:#f5f4f0;border:1px solid #e6e2db;display:flex;flex-direction:column;position:relative;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s}
.pathway-card:hover{transform:translateY(-5px);box-shadow:0 15px 40px rgba(20,34,47,.09)}
.pathway-index,.subsection-label{font:800 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.15em;color:#a88049}
.pathway-card h3{font:500 31px/1.28 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:70px 0 15px}
.pathway-card p{font:400 14px/1.85 var(--sans);color:#6c7479;max-width:300px}
.pathway-arrow{color:var(--gold-2);font:26px var(--sans);margin-top:auto;align-self:flex-end}
.quiet-source-link{display:inline-block;font:500 11px/1.6 var(--sans);margin-top:19px;color:#e5ce9b;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}
.inner-hero{background:#152436;color:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;padding-top:var(--header-height)}
.inner-hero::after{content:'';position:absolute;width:600px;height:600px;border:1px solid rgba(230,197,141,.12);border-radius:50%;right:-210px;top:-300px;pointer-events:none}
.inner-hero-grid{min-height:395px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr .4fr;align-items:center;gap:55px;padding:75px 0 60px}
.inner-hero h1{font:500 clamp(48px,5.5vw,83px)/1.12 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.047em;margin:12px 0 23px}
.inner-hero h1 em{color:var(--gold);font-weight:500}
.inner-intro{font:400 16px/1.85 var(--sans);color:#bdc6d0;max-width:730px;margin:0}
.inner-hero-decor{justify-self:end;width:225px;height:230px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;border:1px solid rgba(220,183,115,.27);transform:rotate(-7deg);background:rgba(255,255,255,.017)}
.inner-hero-decor span{font:italic 500 110px/1 var(--serif);color:#d5ad6a;letter-spacing:-.17em;margin-right:19px}
.inner-hero-decor small{font:700 9px var(--display);letter-spacing:.18em;color:#bdc6ce;transform:rotate(7deg)}
.breadcrumb{font:600 11px var(--display);letter-spacing:.07em;color:#9eacba;border-top:1px solid #324153;padding:21px 0}
.breadcrumb a{color:#d4b577}.breadcrumb span{padding-left:9px}
.timeline-date{font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;letter-spacing:-.01em}
.board-section{background:#fff}
.boards-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:17px;margin:25px 0 80px}
.board-card{border:1px solid #e3e2da;padding:30px;min-height:190px;background:#faf9f5;transition:background .2s}
.board-card:hover{background:#f0eee6}
.board-role{font:800 10px var(--display);letter-spacing:.13em;color:#a37f4c;text-transform:uppercase}
.board-card h3{font:500 23px/1.38 var(--serif);margin:35px 0 0;color:#26384a}
.cv-boards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.8fr;gap:80px;border-top:1px solid #e1dfd8;padding-top:45px}
.cv-boards h3{font:500 31px/1.3 var(--serif);max-width:350px}
.cv-boards p:not(.kicker){color:#73808a;font-size:13px;line-height:1.8}
.plain-list{margin:0;padding-left:22px;columns:2;column-gap:45px;color:#596671}
.plain-list li{font-size:13px;line-height:1.75;padding:0 0 17px 6px;break-inside:avoid}
.recognitions-section{background:#fff}
.evidence-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:25px}
.evidence-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:180px 1fr;border:1px solid #e2e2dc;background:#faf9f6;overflow:hidden;min-height:365px}
.evidence-photo{background:#e8e5dd;overflow:hidden;align-self:stretch;position:relative;min-height:365px}
.evidence-photo img{position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 20%;filter:saturate(.9)}
.evidence-body{padding:33px 29px 25px;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.evidence-kicker{font:800 10px var(--display);letter-spacing:.1em;color:#a58350}
.evidence-body h3{font:500 25px/1.34 var(--serif);margin:22px 0 13px}
.evidence-body p{font:400 13px/1.8 var(--sans);color:#65717c}
.evidence-body a{font:700 12px var(--display);color:#826239;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px;margin-top:auto}
.awards-section{background:#f2f1ec}
.awards-list{border-top:1px solid #d9d8d3}
.awards-list>div{display:grid;grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 1.2fr;align-items:center;gap:28px;padding:29px 10px;border-bottom:1px solid #d9d8d3}
.awards-list span{font:700 15px var(--display);color:#9b7a4f}
.awards-list strong{font:600 23px/1.3 var(--serif);color:#233546}
.awards-list p{font:400 13px/1.75 var(--sans);color:#68737b;margin:0}
.contact-main{background:#fff}
.contact-helper{margin-top:55px;max-width:425px;background:#f3f1eb;border-left:2px solid var(--gold-2);padding:23px 25px}
.contact-helper strong{font:700 14px var(--display)}
.contact-helper p{font:400 13px/1.8 var(--sans);color:#65717c;margin:11px 0 20px}
.contact-options .contact-option:first-child{border-top:none}
.connect-extras{background:#f5f4ef}
.resources-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:17px}
.resources-grid a{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:190px;padding:27px;border:1px solid #e2e1d9;background:#fff;transition:transform .2s}
.resources-grid a:hover{transform:translateY(-3px)}
.resources-grid span{font:800 10px var(--display);letter-spacing:.13em;color:#b28b4b}
.resources-grid strong{font:500 22px/1.35 var(--serif);margin:22px 0 19px}
.resources-grid small{font:700 11px var(--display);color:#667685;margin-top:auto}
@media(max-width:1100px){.site-nav{gap:15px}.site-nav a{font-size:10px}.boards-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.evidence-card{grid-template-columns:130px 1fr}.evidence-body{padding:25px 20px}.evidence-body h3{font-size:22px}}
@media(max-width:850px){.inner-hero-grid{min-height:340px;grid-template-columns:1fr .25fr}.inner-hero-decor{width:115px;height:150px}.inner-hero-decor span{font-size:70px}.inner-hero-decor small{display:none}.pathways-grid,.resources-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.pathway-card{min-height:305px}.pathway-card h3{margin-top:35px;font-size:27px}.cv-boards{gap:35px}.plain-list{columns:1}.evidence-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.evidence-card{grid-template-columns:170px 1fr}}
@media(max-width:650px){.hero-visual{height:min(92vw,495px)}.hero-grid{padding:65px 0 55px}.inner-hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding:65px 0 48px;min-height:315px}.inner-hero h1{font-size:clamp(43px,9.6vw,66px)}.inner-intro{font-size:14px}.inner-hero-decor{display:none}.breadcrumb{padding:16px 0}.pathways-grid,.resources-grid,.boards-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pathway-card{min-height:260px}.pathway-card h3{margin-top:25px}.cv-boards{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.evidence-card{grid-template-columns:120px 1fr;min-height:330px}.evidence-photo{min-height:330px}.evidence-body{padding:21px 16px}.evidence-body h3{font-size:20px;margin:16px 0 8px}.evidence-body p{font-size:12px}.awards-list>div{grid-template-columns:65px 1fr;gap:5px 15px;padding:22px 4px}.awards-list strong{font-size:19px}.awards-list p{grid-column:2;font-size:12px}.additional-learning li{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px}.resources-grid a{min-height:145px}.contact-helper{margin-top:32px}}
@media(max-width:380px){.evidence-card{grid-template-columns:1fr}.evidence-photo{height:170px;min-height:170px}.evidence-photo img{object-position:50% 34%}}
@media print{.inner-hero{background:#fff;color:#111;padding-top:0}.inner-hero h1{font-size:44px}.inner-hero h1 em{color:#333}.inner-intro,.breadcrumb{color:#333}.inner-hero-decor{display:none}.inner-hero-grid{min-height:0;padding:20px 0}.site-footer{background:#fff;color:#111}.evidence-photo{display:none}.evidence-card{display:block;min-height:0}.board-card,.pathway-card{min-height:0}.board-card,.evidence-card,.degree-card,.paper{break-inside:avoid}}

/* ==========================================================
   COMPACT SPACING UPDATE — October 2026
   Paste this entire block at the very END of styles.css.
   Reduces extra vertical whitespace while keeping the design.
   Affects Home, Leadership, Research, and Contact pages.
   ========================================================== */

/* Shared sections and headings */
.section { padding: 78px 0; }                   /* was 120px */
.section-heading { margin-bottom: 42px; }       /* was 67px */
.kicker { margin-bottom: 16px; }                /* was 23px */
.about-main h2,
.research-intro h2,
.contact-heading h2 { margin-bottom: 28px; }

/* Homepage hero and biography */
.hero { min-height: 680px; }
.hero-grid { min-height: 590px; padding-block: 62px 38px; }
.hero-overline { margin-top: 26px; }
.hero-visual { height: min(500px, 43vw); }
.hero-bottom { height: 60px; }
.about-grid { gap: 45px; }
.about-copy-grid { gap: 40px; }
.snapshot-section { padding: 28px 0; }

/* Homepage links to the other pages */
.pathway-card { min-height: 290px; padding: 26px; }
.pathway-card h3 { margin-top: 42px; }

/* Page title banners */
.inner-hero-grid { min-height: 310px; padding: 48px 0 38px; }
.inner-hero h1 { margin: 10px 0 18px; }
.breadcrumb { padding: 16px 0; }

/* Experience and leadership */
.timeline-item { padding: 25px 0; }
.timeline-rule::before { height: calc(100% + 51px); top: -26px; }
.impact-top { margin-bottom: 42px; }
.impact-card { min-height: 255px; padding: 23px; }
.impact-symbol { height: 54px; }
.boards-grid { margin: 20px 0 46px; }
.board-card { min-height: 155px; padding: 25px; }
.board-card h3 { margin-top: 23px; }
.cv-boards { padding-top: 32px; gap: 55px; }

/* Research, education, appointments, and awards */
.research-grid { gap: 65px; }
.research-topics { margin: 21px 0 23px; }
.publications-header { padding: 13px 0; }
.paper { padding: 19px 4px 17px; }
.education-heading { margin-bottom: 38px; }
.degree-card { min-height: 225px; padding: 23px 25px; }
.additional-learning { margin-top: 30px; padding-top: 30px; }
.evidence-card, .evidence-photo { min-height: 320px; }
.evidence-body { padding: 26px 24px 22px; }
.evidence-body h3 { margin-top: 16px; }
.awards-list > div { padding: 20px 10px; }

/* Contact and common footer */
.contact-grid { gap: 70px; }
.contact-option { padding: 18px 0; }
.contact-helper { margin-top: 35px; }
.contact-location { margin-top: 24px; }
.perspective-section { padding: 65px 0; }
.perspective-grid { gap: 65px; }
.site-footer { padding: 36px 0 24px; }
.footer-top { padding-bottom: 34px; }

/* Tablet layout */
@media (max-width: 850px) {
  .section { padding: 63px 0; }
  .section-heading, .impact-top { margin-bottom: 34px; }
  .hero { min-height: 0; }
  .hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding: 57px 0 38px; }
  .hero-visual { height: 440px; }
  .inner-hero-grid { min-height: 270px; padding: 40px 0 32px; }
  .research-grid { gap: 35px; }
  .contact-grid { gap: 35px; }
  .pathway-card { min-height: 270px; }
  .pathway-card h3 { margin-top: 30px; }
  .impact-card { min-height: 235px; }
  .board-card { min-height: 145px; }
  .perspective-grid { gap: 28px; }
}

/* Phone layout */
@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .section { padding: 48px 0; }               /* was 70px */
  .section-heading, .impact-top { margin-bottom: 27px; }
  .kicker { margin-bottom: 13px; }
  .about-main h2 { margin-bottom: 20px; }
  .about-grid { gap: 18px; }
  .about-copy-grid { gap: 13px; }
  .hero-grid { padding: 44px 0 32px; gap: 30px; }
  .hero-overline { margin-top: 19px; }
  .hero-visual { height: min(88vw, 470px); }
  .hero-bottom { height: 54px; }
  .snapshot-section { padding: 23px 0; }
  .inner-hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding: 45px 0 34px; }
  .inner-hero h1 { margin-bottom: 14px; }
  .breadcrumb { padding: 13px 0; }
  .pathway-card { min-height: 225px; padding: 22px; }
  .pathway-card h3 { margin-top: 23px; }
  .timeline-item { padding: 19px 0; }
  .impact-card { min-height: 0; padding: 19px; }
  .board-card { min-height: 130px; padding: 22px; }
  .board-card h3 { margin-top: 17px; }
  .cv-boards { gap: 18px; }
  .degree-card { min-height: 190px; }
  .additional-learning { margin-top: 24px; padding-top: 24px; }
  .evidence-card, .evidence-photo { min-height: 280px; }
  .evidence-body { padding: 20px 16px; }
  .contact-grid { gap: 23px; }
  .contact-option { padding: 16px 0; }
  .contact-helper { margin-top: 25px; }
  .perspective-section { padding: 49px 0; }
  .site-footer { padding: 30px 0 20px; }
  .footer-top { padding-bottom: 24px; }
}

/* Preserve compact, ink-friendly print spacing */
@media print {
  .section { padding: 30px 0; }
  .hero { min-height: 0; }
  .hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding: 20px 0; }
  .inner-hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding: 20px 0; }
}

/* ==========================================================
   COMPACT SPACING UPDATE — October 2026
   Paste this entire block at the very END of styles.css.
   Reduces extra vertical whitespace while keeping the design.
   Affects Home, Leadership, Research, and Contact pages.
   ========================================================== */

/* Shared sections and headings */
.section { padding: 78px 0; }                   /* was 120px */
.section-heading { margin-bottom: 42px; }       /* was 67px */
.kicker { margin-bottom: 16px; }                /* was 23px */
.about-main h2,
.research-intro h2,
.contact-heading h2 { margin-bottom: 28px; }

/* Homepage hero and biography */
.hero { min-height: 680px; }
.hero-grid { min-height: 590px; padding-block: 62px 38px; }
.hero-overline { margin-top: 26px; }
.hero-visual { height: min(500px, 43vw); }
.hero-bottom { height: 60px; }
.about-grid { gap: 45px; }
.about-copy-grid { gap: 40px; }
.snapshot-section { padding: 28px 0; }

/* Homepage links to the other pages */
.pathway-card { min-height: 290px; padding: 26px; }
.pathway-card h3 { margin-top: 42px; }

/* Page title banners */
.inner-hero-grid { min-height: 310px; padding: 48px 0 38px; }
.inner-hero h1 { margin: 10px 0 18px; }
.breadcrumb { padding: 16px 0; }

/* Experience and leadership */
.timeline-item { padding: 25px 0; }
.timeline-rule::before { height: calc(100% + 51px); top: -26px; }
.impact-top { margin-bottom: 42px; }
.impact-card { min-height: 255px; padding: 23px; }
.impact-symbol { height: 54px; }
.boards-grid { margin: 20px 0 46px; }
.board-card { min-height: 155px; padding: 25px; }
.board-card h3 { margin-top: 23px; }
.cv-boards { padding-top: 32px; gap: 55px; }

/* Research, education, appointments, and awards */
.research-grid { gap: 65px; }
.research-topics { margin: 21px 0 23px; }
.publications-header { padding: 13px 0; }
.paper { padding: 19px 4px 17px; }
.education-heading { margin-bottom: 38px; }
.degree-card { min-height: 225px; padding: 23px 25px; }
.additional-learning { margin-top: 30px; padding-top: 30px; }
.evidence-card, .evidence-photo { min-height: 320px; }
.evidence-body { padding: 26px 24px 22px; }
.evidence-body h3 { margin-top: 16px; }
.awards-list > div { padding: 20px 10px; }

/* Contact and common footer */
.contact-grid { gap: 70px; }
.contact-option { padding: 18px 0; }
.contact-helper { margin-top: 35px; }
.contact-location { margin-top: 24px; }
.perspective-section { padding: 65px 0; }
.perspective-grid { gap: 65px; }
.site-footer { padding: 36px 0 24px; }
.footer-top { padding-bottom: 34px; }

/* Tablet layout */
@media (max-width: 850px) {
  .section { padding: 63px 0; }
  .section-heading, .impact-top { margin-bottom: 34px; }
  .hero { min-height: 0; }
  .hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding: 57px 0 38px; }
  .hero-visual { height: 440px; }
  .inner-hero-grid { min-height: 270px; padding: 40px 0 32px; }
  .research-grid { gap: 35px; }
  .contact-grid { gap: 35px; }
  .pathway-card { min-height: 270px; }
  .pathway-card h3 { margin-top: 30px; }
  .impact-card { min-height: 235px; }
  .board-card { min-height: 145px; }
  .perspective-grid { gap: 28px; }
}

/* Phone layout */
@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .section { padding: 48px 0; }               /* was 70px */
  .section-heading, .impact-top { margin-bottom: 27px; }
  .kicker { margin-bottom: 13px; }
  .about-main h2 { margin-bottom: 20px; }
  .about-grid { gap: 18px; }
  .about-copy-grid { gap: 13px; }
  .hero-grid { padding: 44px 0 32px; gap: 30px; }
  .hero-overline { margin-top: 19px; }
  .hero-visual { height: min(88vw, 470px); }
  .hero-bottom { height: 54px; }
  .snapshot-section { padding: 23px 0; }
  .inner-hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding: 45px 0 34px; }
  .inner-hero h1 { margin-bottom: 14px; }
  .breadcrumb { padding: 13px 0; }
  .pathway-card { min-height: 225px; padding: 22px; }
  .pathway-card h3 { margin-top: 23px; }
  .timeline-item { padding: 19px 0; }
  .impact-card { min-height: 0; padding: 19px; }
  .board-card { min-height: 130px; padding: 22px; }
  .board-card h3 { margin-top: 17px; }
  .cv-boards { gap: 18px; }
  .degree-card { min-height: 190px; }
  .additional-learning { margin-top: 24px; padding-top: 24px; }
  .evidence-card, .evidence-photo { min-height: 280px; }
  .evidence-body { padding: 20px 16px; }
  .contact-grid { gap: 23px; }
  .contact-option { padding: 16px 0; }
  .contact-helper { margin-top: 25px; }
  .perspective-section { padding: 49px 0; }
  .site-footer { padding: 30px 0 20px; }
  .footer-top { padding-bottom: 24px; }
}

/* Preserve compact, ink-friendly print spacing */
@media print {
  .section { padding: 30px 0; }
  .hero { min-height: 0; }
  .hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding: 20px 0; }
  .inner-hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding: 20px 0; }
}